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Monographica
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Monographica
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A NEW RECORD OF AN ATYIDIEA SPECIES, Caridina serrata, WITH CONCISE DESCRIPTION OF RECENT NEW SPECIES, Caridina macauensis ALL WHERE FOUND IN COLOANE, MACAU
Projecto de Biodiversidade e Investigação Geológica de Macau
Owen et E. Ng
18th Nov., 2023.(Draft)
ABSTRACT During the investigating project on biodiversity, there are 4 species of Caridina were found in the rocky hill streams on Coloane, Macau. including a species newly to science: Caridina macauensis Zhou et al., 2021, and Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860 was also found there firstly, it is the new record in Macau. ABSTRATO Após o projecto de investigação sobre biodiversidade, foram encontradas 4 espécies de Caridina nas ribeiras de Coloane, Macau. incluindo uma espécie nova para a ciência: Caridina macauensis Zhou et al., 2021, e Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860 também foi lá encontrada em primeiro lugar, é o novo registo em Macau. KEYWORDS Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860, Caridina macauensis Zhou et al., 2021, Caridina cantonensis Yü, 1938, Caridina breviata Ng et Cai, 2000, hill streams, Coloane, MACAU. INTRODUCTION
Until now, there are four species of Caridina strimps (Family: Atylidae, genus: Caridina) are known in Macau: Caridina breviata Ng et Cai,, Caridina macauensis Zhou et al. and Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860, all are found in several hill streams at an altitude of 30 ~ 80 meters on Coloane, Macau. On the other side, which claimed that the species (Caridina gracilipes De Man) found in Taipa at Casas - Museu da Taipa was obviously introduced during the cultivation of aquatic plants from other places (such as from China), and was not a native species of Macau. The author has visited the local site for observation but no specimen is found, so we have deleted Caridina gracilipes De Man as a native species from the checklist. There were not many scientific investigations in Macau during the Portuguese Governing Macau Era, the city has always been considered to have no special species for researching. In the Cotai reclamation project was carried out to promote biodiversity after the Era of Communist Governing Macau since 1999. After 2018, there have been more and more discoveries of new species endemic to Macau. Coloane Island was originally an independent ecosystem isolated from the Macau Peninsula and Taipa Island. Due to the natural isolation, the special species can still survival on the island. This is the reason why these fauna and flora species could still been found today. The native Caridina shrimp species are only distributed in flat puddles in some rocky hill streams in Coloane island, their main predators seem to be also the rarest local mountain crab species: Coloane hill crab (Nanhaipotamon macau Huang at al., 2018) and Cantopotamon hengqinense Huang et al., 2017. In 2023, We found a slow-swimming rice shrimp (Caridina sp.) at one of the habitat sites of Coloane hill crab that seemed to be one of the crab's prey targets. When the specimens were collected for identification, we found that it was a new record that has not been described in Macau, After of the discovery of this new records, we continued to surveyed many rocky hill streams in Coloane, As the result, all other known native species were identified, including the new species Caridina macauensis, which was discovered and published in 2021. TAXONOMY FEATURES
● Class: Malacostraca Latreille, 1802
鋸緣米蝦
Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860,
new record to Macau, Type locality: Hong Kong.
Diagnosis: Average body lenght: 20mm (n=10, 15 ~ 25mm), females are slightly longer, rostrum short, straight or slightly curved downwards, which is reaching the endside of eye and to the end of second segment of antennular peduncle, and the long stylocerite equivant to the middle of second segment of antennular peduncle. the first endopod of the male has oval-rectangular pleopod, Appendix masculina rod-shaped. Living shrimp shows bluish-brown translucent; the yellowish- brown spots disperses on the carapace and abdominal segments; slightly blue band on the tergum of the third abdominal segment and extending to pleuron, there is an intermittent bright yellow thick band on the back, Starting from carapace and ending in front of the tail peduncle. Distribution: Hong Kong, Southern China (Zhuhai and Zhongshan of Guangdong Province), new record to Macau. Remark: Caridina serrata is very similar to other C.breviata and C.macauensis by the short rostrums, however, slight differences in morphology indicate that they belongs to the different species. In addition, the living individuals of these 3 short-rostrum species also indicate the different patterns and coloration.
澳門米蝦 Caridina macauensis Zhou et al., 2021,
new species to Macau 2021, Type
locality: Macau. Habitat: Coloane Island, MACAU, specimens were found from the rocky hill streamlet inside forest, accuracy data has been measured but the geographical coordinate information is not shown for habitat protecting.
Diagnosis: Average body length: 25mm (n=12, 15 ~ 27mm), very similar to Caridina serrata, rostrum is slightly shorter, it may the species the shortest rostrum is known in Macau, C. macauensis shows the four bullish to blackish banded transverse on the body of living shrimps, eggs: from globular to prolonged sphere, 1.3mm x 2.0mm in size (n = 10), amber to dark brown coloration. ovigerous females are common in March to May. Distribution: Endemic to Macau.
短額米蝦 Caridina breviata Ng et Cai,
2000, Type locality: Yangjing,
Guangdong, CHINA. Habitat: Coloane Island, MACAU, specimens were found from the rocky hill streamlet inside forest, mixed with Caridina cantonensis in the same place, accuracy data has been measured but the geographical coordinate information is not shown for habitat protecting.
Diagnosis: Average body length: 22mm (n= 9, 12 ~ 25 mm), belong to Caridina serrata group, length of rostrum is between C. serrata and C.macauensis, It shows shows brownish-translucent. Distribution: Macau and Southern China (Yangjing, Guangdong Province), may also been found in Hong Kong (?).
廣東米蝦 Caridina cantonensis Yü, 1938,
Type locality: Guangdong (Canton), southern CHINA Habitat: Coloane Island, MACAU, specimens were found from the rocky hill streamlet inside forest, mixed with Caridina breviata in the same place, accuracy data has been measured but the geographical coordinate information is not shown for habitat protecting.
Diagnosis: Average body length: 27mm (n= 9, 10~28mm), rostrum long, slightly curved downwards, which is reaching the end side of eye and to the end of ultimate segment of antennular peduncle, and the long stylocerite equivant to the middle of second segment of antennular peduncle. Endopod of the first male has rectangular pleopod, Appendix masculina rod-shaped. Living shrimp shows bluish translucent or the most of bluish coloration; the yellowish- brown spots disperses on the carapace and abdominal segments; slightly yellowish band on the tergum of the abdominal segments and extending to pleuron. Distribution: Hong Kong, Macau, Southern China (Guangdong Province, Guangxi Province in southern China) and Vietnam. Supplementary material: (29th Nov., 2023)
細足米蝦 Caridina
gracilipes De Man, 1892,
Type locality: Sulawesi, Indonesia. Habitat: According to data, it appears in the artificial lake in Taipa, Macau. It was most probably an exotic species. No any specimens was found in Macau by the authors.
SURVIVAL CRISIS
The summit of Alto de Coloane is 172.4 meters above sea level, it is the highest peak in Macau. the lower peak of Monte de Ká Hó is alt. 123.8 meters, a grand highland area between the two mountains as the most magnificent natural scenery paradise and it is also the place that breeds the rarest species in Macau.
Streams were formed by condensation of water vapor from highland and is running down through many small canyons have been formed due to geological movement and weathering, they have preserved several of the most important endemic species, such as Fissidens macaoensis Zhang, 2011, Nanhaipotamon macau Huang at al., 2018 and Caridina macauensis Zhou et al., 2021, etc., In recent years, in order to open up more walking trails for the public, the bureaucrat have renovated forests in Coloane and transplanted some tree species. This is understandable!
During our journey of investigating, we found that the treated forest areas became dried lands after the removal of overgrown vegetations, and the streams turned into valleys after water flows disappeared. The fate of the local species lived in the streams is self-evident! Caridina shrimp species are depend on streams for survival, if such an artificial destruction will drive them to extinction sooner or later! Whether native Caridina species can also be found in Macau Peninsula and Taipa is left to the next generation to succeed! POSTSCRIPT
We advocate citizen academy. On the one hand, it can save the government expenses. at the same time, we also hope that relevant professionals will do more voluntary works, the pass days of asking for hundreds of thousands of Macau dollars are already gone. We can tide over the difficulties together and fight with all Macauense citizens. Your civic duty!
REFERENCES
[1]
Stimpson, W. (1860) Prodromus
descriptionis animalium evertebratorum, quae in Expeditione ad Oceanum
Pacificum
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